Production process: refers to the whole labor process from raw materials to finished products.

Machining process: refers to the production process of using metal cutting tools or abrasives to process workpieces to achieve the required shape, size, surface roughness and mechanical and physical properties, so as to become qualified parts.

Process: the part of the process that a worker (or a group of workers) continuously completes one (or several) workpieces at a work place.

Installation: if the workpiece needs to be clamped several times in a process, the part of the process completed under each clamping becomes an installation. Station: in the primary installation of the workpiece, the machining position of the workpiece relative to the machine bed is changed through the indexing device, and the installation contents at each machining position are called stations.

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Work step: the work station content completed when the machining surface, cutting tool, cutting speed and feed rate do not change.

Tool walking: the work step completed by the cutting tool cutting once on the machined surface.

Production program: the output and schedule of products to be produced within the planning period.

Production batch: refers to the quantity of the same product or part input or output at one time.

Workpiece clamping (installation): positioning and tightening.

Workpiece positioning: take certain constraint measures to limit degrees of freedom, which can usually be described by constraint point groups, and a degree of freedom only needs one constraint point to limit.

Six point positioning principle: Six constraint points arranged according to certain rules are used to limit the six degrees of freedom of the workpiece to achieve complete positioning.

Full positioning: limit six degrees of freedom.

Incomplete positioning: only 1 ~ 5 degrees of freedom are limited.

Over positioning: during workpiece positioning, one degree of freedom is limited by two or more constraint points at the same time, which is called over positioning or repeated positioning, also known as positioning interference.

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Under positioning: according to the size, shape and position requirements of the machined surface, the degree of freedom that should be limited is not limited, that is, the constraint points are insufficient.

Datum: it can be divided into design datum and process datum.

Positioning: refers to the process of determining that the workpiece occupies the correct position on the machine tool or fixture.

Machining accuracy: refers to the degree of conformity between the actual geometric parameters of the part after machining and the ideal geometric parameters.

Machining error: refers to the deviation degree of the actual geometric parameters of the machined parts from the ideal geometric parameters.

Error sensitive direction: the direction that has the greatest impact on machining accuracy.

Trial cutting method: the distance dimension accuracy is obtained through the repeated process of trial cutting - Measuring machining dimension - adjusting tool position - trial cutting

Adjustment method: in batch and mass production, trial cutting method is widely used to adjust the relative position of the tool to the workpiece in advance, and keep this relative position unchanged during the processing of a batch of parts to obtain the required part size.

Machining process specification: process documents that specify the machining process and operation methods of products or parts are disciplinary documents that all relevant production personnel should strictly implement and earnestly implement.

Processing economic accuracy: refers to the processing accuracy and surface roughness that can be guaranteed under normal processing conditions.

Process concentration: make each process include as many work steps as possible, so as to reduce the total number of processes, the number of fixtures and the number of workpiece installation.

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Process dispersion: disperse the work steps in the process route and complete them in more processes. Therefore, there are fewer work steps in each process and the process route is long. Kit: it is composed of one or several parts installed on a benchmark part.

Assembly: it is composed of several kits and parts installed on a benchmark part.

Component: it is composed of several components, kits and parts installed on a benchmark part.

Final assembly: the process of assembling parts and components into the final product.

Completely interchangeable assembly method: in all products, the components do not need to be selected or changed in size and position during assembly, and can meet the requirements of assembly accuracy after assembly.

Select assembly method: enlarge the tolerance of the component ring in the dimension chain to an economically feasible degree, and then select appropriate parts for assembly to ensure the requirements of assembly accuracy.

Repair and assembly method: each component ring in the dimension chain is manufactured according to economic machining accuracy. During assembly, the assembly accuracy is ensured by changing the size of a predetermined component ring in the size chain.

Adjustment assembly method: during assembly, it is a method to change the relative position of adjustable parts in the product or select appropriate adjusting parts to achieve assembly accuracy.

Positioning error: error caused by inaccurate positioning of workpiece on fixture.

Reference position error: the positioning error caused by the inaccurate manufacturing of the positioning surface of the workpiece or the positioning element on the fixture.

Datum non coincidence error: the positioning error caused by the non coincidence of the process datum and positioning datum of the workpiece.